A backsaw is a small crosscutting saw that is especially useful for making joints - edges
where two pieces of stock will be joined together. The squared end and the stiffened rib
along the back keep the blade rigid, ensuring a precise cut. The pistol- or D-shaped handle
is attached at a higher angle than on an ordinary crosscut saw so the teeth can be kept
almost flat to the work.
A backsaw is often used with a miter box to make cuts at precise angles, typically 45
degrees. The result is an edge called a miter, which may be joined with another to form
a right angle, such as in a picture frame.
Using a Backsaw
For precise cuts and to prevent splintering the surface of the wood, lay out cutting
lines by guiding a sharp knife along a metal straightedge, scoring about 1/16 inch deep.
Clamp or hold the stock securely and position the blade on the waste side of the layout
line. Grip the saw comfortably, with your index finger alongside the handle and pointing
toward the tip. Raise the back of the saw slightly and start cutting at the far end of
the line with a series of short backstrokes. Use the knuckle of your thumb to guide the
saw. To reduce friction on the blade, rub the sides of the blade with a candle stub, or
spray the saw with a dry lubricant. Continue sawing with a fuller, back-and-forth motion
as you lower the saw so the blade is horizontal.
Purchasing
Backsaws are available in blade lengths of 10 to 14 inches, with 13 to 15 teeth per inch
(tpi). Most modern versions have a closed handle similar to a handsaw. For fine work on
small stock, choose a small blade with 15 tpi. The brass rib and exotic wood handle found
on more expensive versions are cosmetic, rather than functional, improvements.
Because of the difficulty of hand-sharpening the fine teeth of a backsaw, have it
sharpened by a professional saw-sharpening service.
Other Names
Tenon saw
Substitutes
An alternative to the back saw is a Japanese saw called a dozuki. Unlike western saws,
Japanese saws cut on the pull stroke rather than on the push. This allows for thinner
blades, resulting in a much finer kerf, or slot made by the blade. It also provides
more control when cutting.
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