A carpenter's level contains a varying number of bubble vials mounted in a wood, plastic,
or metal frame. Use this tool to check that surfaces are level (horizontally aligned) or
plumb (vertically aligned). Better carpenter's levels have vials that are adjustable and
can be replaced if broken.
Using a Carpenter's Level
Place the level on a horizontal surface and note the position of the bubble in the
horizontal, or level, vial. When the bubble is centered between the marks, the surface
is level. Similarly, hold the level firmly against a vertical surface. Check the position
of the bubble in the vertical, or plumb, vial. When the bubble is centered, the surface
is plumb.
To check a level for accuracy, place the tool on a flat surface (it does not have to be
level) and note the position of the bubble in the level vial. Turn the level end for end.
If the bubble returns to the same position, the vial is set correctly. Use the same
technique to check the plumb bubble vial. Hold the tool against a vertical surface and
note the bubble's position. Then hold the opposite edge of the level against the surface
and check to see whether the bubble returns to the same position.
Purchasing
Carpenter's levels are available in many lengths, commonly ranging from 12 to 78 inches.
Choose a 24- or 30-inch level for general use.
Other Names
Spirit level
Substitutes
An alternative to the carpenter's level is a torpedo level. This is a short, 8- to
9-inch-long version of a carpenter's level. It is easy to carry in a tool belt, and its
small size makes it handy when working in restricted spaces. The level has three bubble
vials to indicate level, plumb, and a 45-degree angle. Some models are grooved on the
bottom so they can rest on pipes and shafts.
A plumb bob is a good substitute for checking whether or not a vertical surface - a new
wall, for example - is aligned. This is a pointed steel or brass weight attached to a
line. The line is suspended from a height beside the surface you want to check, and the
weight dropped to the ground. When the weight has stopped moving, you can use the line
to gauge the vertical alignment of the surface. Some chalk lines are designed to double as a plumb bob.
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