With the correct bit or attachment clamped into its chuck - the receptacle that holds the
bit - an electric drill can bore holes in nearly any material. The size of a drill is
determined by the largest bit shank its chuck accepts. A drill may run at a single speed,
at two or three set speeds, or at variable speeds. Power ratings vary from 2 to 6 amperes.
The more powerful the drill, the slower it runs, but the greater its turning power, or
torque.
Using an Electric Drill
Before you can use a drill, you must select a bit and fasten it inside the chuck. In some
models, you have to do this manually with device called a chuck key. Insert the bit fully
into the chuck, and turn the key clockwise in one of the three holes to ensure that each
jaw makes contact with the bit. Other models come with a keyless chuck; after you insert
the bit, grasp the chuck firmly with one hand and run the drill to fasten the bit in
place.
Try to arrange the work so that you are drilling straight down or straight ahead. To keep
the bit from wandering, make a pilot hole with a center punch, an awl, or a nail. Grip the
drill with both hands and center the bit in the pilot hole. Bear down on the drill and
begin drilling at slow speed (if the drill has a variable-speed motor); then speed it up
after the bit has penetrated the surface. Push firmly, but don't force the drill to cut
too fast.
Use sharp drill bits to make drilling easier, reduce the load on the motor, and lengthen
the drill's life. Keep the drill's air ports clear to protect the motor from overheating.
Purchasing
The standard electric hand drill comes with a 1/4-, 3/8-, or 1/2-inch chuck. The high-speed,
1/4-inch model can bore only small holes. The 1/2-inch drill has power to bore large
holes without overloading. The 3/8-inch drill can handle all but the heaviest jobs,
making it the best choice for home repair. Choose a reversible model with variable speeds
including reverse, which is useful for backing wood bits out of deep holes.
Substitutes
An alternative to the standard drill is a cordless drill.
Caution
- Make sure the work is firmly supported and clamped down.
- Wear safety goggles.
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Brought to you by Book of Skills and Tools and New Complete Do-It-Yourself Manual
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