Pilots With Problems
Shortly after 10 a.m. on February 13, as Go! Airlines Flight 1002 made the 214-mile hop from Honolulu to Hilo, Hawaii, air traffic controllers were becoming frantic. Getting no response from the captain and copilot, they began yelling over the radio as the 50-seat jet overshot the airport by 15 miles at 21,000 feet. Finally, the pilots responded. The FAA is now investigating whether they fell asleep. (Oh, and the airline fired them.)The episode brought to light a hidden danger in the cockpit: pilot fatigue. The problem began after 9/11, when demand for air travel plunged and many pilots' salaries were cut by 30 percent. Pilots are paid for every hour they fly, so they've taken on more flights to compensate.
Financially squeezed airlines are also pressuring pilots to fly more hours so they can employ fewer of them. Under current regulations, pilots are permitted to fly 100 hours per month; many are reaching that number. "You need recuperating time, and now people are pushing it to the limit," says Mark Seal, a pilot for United Airlines.
"It used to be you'd do one international trip per week," says John Prater, president of the Airline Pilots Association. "Now it's not uncommon to do six of those a month. There is never time to catch up." This summer, the FAA is convening a conference of pilots, doctors, and airline representatives to discuss the fatigue factor and potential solutions.
Another issue: Pilots have less experience than they used to. "When I got hired with Continental in January 1978, I had over 5,000 hours. At this point, the industry is hiring pilots with 250 to 500 hours," says Prater. This is partly because fewer pilots are being hired from the military, where historically they gained thousands of hours of experience. (The military has fewer pilots now and does a better job of retaining them.) But with low starting salaries (from $18,000 at a regional airline to $40,000 with a major carrier), it's tough to recruit anyone but recent flight-school grads.
The bottom line: A pilot shortage looms. The airline industry will need to hire 100,000 new pilots by 2020 to keep up with demand, according to Air Inc., a company that tracks pilot hirings; this exceeds the current capacity of flight schools. "The jobs aren't attractive anymore," says Juergen Haacker of the International Air Transport Association. "Being a pilot is like bus driving now."




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