African Autocrats
Robert Mugabe
Country: Zimbabwe
Came to Power: 1980
In a rogues' gallery of African strongmen, you can't beat Mugabe for cold indifference to suffering. His 28-year rule has been a nightmare of atrocities: up to 20,000 killed in a 1980s campaign against rivals; thousands tortured in 2002. Before this year's election runoff could take place, Mugabe's goons killed over 100 people. Meanwhile, unemployment stands at 80%, while 83% live in poverty. Where once Zimbabwe had a vibrant economy, inflation has now topped 100,000% (the world's highest). "This is a country which has been nearly engineered into destruction," says Jon Elliott of Human Rights Watch. Omar Al-Bashir
Country: Sudan
Came to Power: 1989
Over 300,000 people have been killed in the ongoing conflict in Sudan's Darfur region. For the past five years, Al-Bashir's armed forces and government-backed militias have killed, raped, tortured, and pillaged with impunity. Over 2.2 million civilians have been moved to internal displacement camps. The president has also become adept at hampering aid efforts inside the country. Humanitarian operations spend "a staggering amount of time and energy dealing with bureaucracy and paperwork," says Selena Brewer of Human Rights Watch.
Isaias Afwerki
Country: Eritrea
Came to Power: 1993
Afwerki may be the most ruthless ruler you've never heard of. He's been described as "mercurial" and "autocratic." "One questions his emotional approach to issues," says Princeton Lyman, former U.S. ambassador to South Africa. Afwerki's human rights record reads like a how-to manual for aspiring dictators: no opposition parties, no rule of law, no unapproved religions. An unknown number of political prisoners have disappeared into secret jails. The president won a unique distinction last year: Eritrea ranked 169th out of 169 countries in a Reporters Without Borders press-freedom index.




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